Poetic Justice in Bill Cain's 9 Circles

Authors

  • Ghassan Awad Ibrahim Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22161/jhed.3.6.10

Abstract

The research paper tackles difficult social problems such as raping and killing especially innocent people due to psychological diseases such as brutality and sadism which lead only to horrific consequences for both wrongdoers and victims. Poetic justice is a significant theme in all genres of literature since readers of any literary work expect that virtue is rewarded and vice is punished or in other words they expect good characters reap the fruit of what they previously sow of good deeds while bad characters deserve their disgraced destiny due to their malignant or bad deeds they have done before. In his masterpiece 9 Circles, Cain shows politics and its ways to impose its negative impact on the behavior of some people, prompting them to do evil attacks against others when he relies on a real story of an American soldier who tortures and kills not only some innocent people but also some animals for enjoyment.

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References

Aeschylus (1999), The Oresteia, Ted Hughes (trans), Faber, London.

Cain, Bill (2010), 9 Circles. New York, NY 10016. Dramatists Play Service, 440 Park Avenue South.All subsequent textual quotations and references which will appear in my thesis within parentheses in the text are based on this reference book. All spellings are kept as in the original.

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Freud, Sigmund and Breuer, Joseph (1952)Studies in Hysteria.London. Imago Publishing Co., Ltd.

Herman, Judith (2015) Trauma and Recovery; The Aftermath of Violence – From Domestic Abuse to Political Terror. New York, Basic Books, A member of the Perseus Group.

https://etd.ohiolink.edu/apexprod/rws_etd/send_file/send?accession=miami1371465573&disposition=inline.

Malpede, Karen (2011) et. al. Acts of War, Iraq and Afghanistan in Seven Plays.United States of America.Northwestern University Press.

Vickroy, Laurie (2002).Trauma and Survival in Contemporary Fiction.Charlottesville and London, University of Virginia Press.

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Published

2021-12-28

How to Cite

Ibrahim, G. A. (2021). Poetic Justice in Bill Cain’s 9 Circles. International Journal of Humanities and Education Development (IJHED), 3(6), 88-93. https://doi.org/10.22161/jhed.3.6.10